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Monitoring of biologically active substances in Asian vegetables from Brassicaceae family
SVOBODOVÁ, Martina
The Bachelor thesis is monitoring the content of polyphenolic substances in non-traditional leafy vegetables at different times of the year. Specific samples were experimentally studied, such as: green mustard (Brassica rapa var. komatsuna), red mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.), mizuna and mibuna (Brassica rapa ssp. Japonica (L.)). Although the samples are Asian leafy vegetables, they are now widely used in the Czech Republic and can be found both in the form of seeds and as leaves for consumption. Therefore, the issue of beneficial biologically active substances is topical. The phenolic group includes flavonoids that are easily available and their biological activity is also significant. Vegetables have antioxidant properties due to flavonoids, which prevent lipid peroxidation and eliminate free radicals. This property is also beneficial to humans, and therefore flavonoid substances are also used in medicine. They can prevent the emergence of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease or atherosclerosis. Flavonoids are also attributed to preventive effects against cancer and diabetes mellitus. Samples of cruciferous leafy vegetables were grown in 2017 on the experimental plot of the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice on the open area of the flowerbed in spring and autumn sowing. The high performance liquid chromatography method was used to measure the content of flavonoid substances. The following substances were studied in selected vegetables: myricetin, morin, luteolin, quercetin, apigenin and kaempferol. Unfortunately, myricetin, morin, luteolin and apigenin were not detected by HPLC. Concentrations of only quercetin and kaempferol were measured for final comparison with expert articles. The sowing time did not affect the measured contents quercetin and kaempferol in most of the samples. Only a specimen of Chinese red mustard from autumn sowing contained more biologically active substances.
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